河粉是由大米或淀粉加水加工而成,不含添加劑,被消費者譽為zui放心的綠色食品。大型河粉機加工生產河粉(fen)(fen)的(de)主要(yao)原料是秈米,不僅因為(wei)秈米便宜,產量(liang)多(duo),更(geng)是由于其(qi)屬(shu)性適(shi)合(he)做河粉(fen)(fen)決定的(de)。
大型河(he)粉機(ji)的工作主要(yao)是將磨好的米漿自(zi)動輸入(ru)河(he)粉機(ji),通過(guo)河(he)粉機(ji)蒸(zheng)箱的蒸(zheng)氣(qi)把它蒸(zheng)熟成形,再切條冷(leng)卻,這(zhe)樣(yang)(yang)一個全(quan)自(zi)動化過(guo)程。河(he)粉以其鮮嫩潔白、滑爽可口、味道鮮美(mei),以及食(shi)用方便、食(shi)法(fa)多樣(yang)(yang),可炒、煮(zhu)、燙、蒸(zheng)等(deng),成為各地的特色美(mei)食(shi)。
秈米(mi)是用(yong)秈型非糯性稻谷(gu)制成(cheng)的米(mi)稱(cheng)為秈米(mi)。根據稻谷(gu)收獲季節,分為早秈米(mi)和晚秈米(mi)。
早秈米(mi)米(mi)粒寬厚而較短,呈粉白(bai)色,腹白(bai)大,粉質(zhi)多(duo),質(zhi)地脆弱易(yi)碎,粘性小于晚秈米(mi),質(zhi)量較差。
晚秈米(mi)米(mi)粒(li)細(xi)長而稍扁平(ping),組織細(xi)密,一(yi)般(ban)是透(tou)明或半透(tou)明,腹白較(jiao)小,硬質粒(li)多(duo),油性較(jiao)大(da),質量較(jiao)好。
米(mi)粒(li)細長形(xing)或長橢圓(yuan)形(xing),長度在7毫(hao)米(mi)以(yi)上,蒸煮后出飯率高(gao),粘性(xing)較小(xiao),米(mi)質較脆(cui),加工時易破(po)碎,橫斷面呈扁圓(yuan)形(xing),顏色(se)白色(se)透(tou)明(ming)的較多,也有半透(tou)明(ming)和不透(tou)明(ming)的。
生(sheng)產河(he)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)一般(ban)以(yi)早秈米(mi)為(wei)主,成品(pin)河(he)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)某(mou)些品(pin)質達不(bu)到消費者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求,需要添(tian)(tian)加不(bu)同比例的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小麥(mai)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)、玉米(mi)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)、馬(ma)鈴(ling)(ling)薯(shu)(shu)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)、蕉芋(yu)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)、馬(ma)蹄(ti)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)等,以(yi)改善鮮河(he)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)質。一般(ban)添(tian)(tian)加的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比例為(wei):5%玉米(mi)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)、2%馬(ma)鈴(ling)(ling)薯(shu)(shu)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)、2%蕉芋(yu)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)、l%馬(ma)蹄(ti)粉(fen)(fen)(fen),具體比例還需根據各種(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價格(ge)綜合比較后確定。各種(zhong)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)糊(hu)化(hua)(hua)性質不(bu)同,共同作用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果是(shi)提(ti)升了鮮沙河(he)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)質。玉米(mi)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)鏈淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)含(han)量高(gao),在糊(hu)化(hua)(hua)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷卻過程中容易發生(sheng)老化(hua)(hua),縮短老化(hua)(hua)時間,賦予(yu)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)糊(hu)形成硬(ying)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)凝膠塊,比較容易成型;馬(ma)鈴(ling)(ling)薯(shu)(shu)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)顆粒大(da),結構松散,糊(hu)化(hua)(hua)溫(wen)度很低(di),透(tou)(tou)(tou)明度較高(gao),不(bu)易老化(hua)(hua),可(ke)有效(xiao)地防止斷條;添(tian)(tian)加蕉芋(yu)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)后,河(he)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)韌性增強,更有“嚼頭”,同時由于透(tou)(tou)(tou)明度很高(gao),可(ke)以(yi)明顯改善河(he)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)透(tou)(tou)(tou)明度;添(tian)(tian)加馬(ma)蹄(ti)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)有助于提(ti)高(gao)河(he)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)咀嚼性。